Hygiène, Sécurité et environnement(HSE)

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A new tool for risk analysis and assessment in petrochemical plants
(Alexandria University. Alexandria Engineering Journal.2016.55,pp2919-2931, 2016-06-09) Mechhoud El-Arkam ; ;
The aim of our work was the implementation of a new automated tool dedicated to risk analysis and assessment in petrochemical plants, based on a combination of two analysis methods: HAZOP (HAZard and OPerability) and FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis). Assessment of accident scenarios is also considered. The principal advantage of the two analysis methods is to speed-up hazard identification and risk assessment and forecast the nature and impact of such acci- dents. Plant parameters are analyzed under a graphical interface to facilitate the exploitation of our developed approach. This automated analysis brings out the different deviations of the operating parameters of any system in the plant. Possible causes of these deviations, their consequences and preventive actions are identified. The result is risk minimization and dependability enhance- ment of the considered system. 2016 Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
A systematic approach for risk assessment in LPG storage tanks area – SKIKDA refinery.
(Algerian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. Vol.X. NoX. (YYYY), 2021-05-17) ; Mechhoud El-Arkam; ; Zennir Youcef
In this work we present a risk assessment methodology, Implemented based on the integration of two methods D-HIGRAPH and HAZOP. The approach is applied on the LPG storage Area in SKIKDA refinery (the most important refinery in Algeria). Several recommendations raised from the study to improve the plant safety. The study is completed by simulating the effects resulted from an explosion in the sphere S-151 (for butane storage) using ALOHA Software. In simulation, the following cases are considered: the explosion effect, the toxic material release and the thermal effect of flammable material release, the results are mapped on the refinery map to indicate the exact threated zones
Automated depandability analysis of the HDPE Reactor using D-higraphs HAZOP assistant
(ALGERIAN JOURNAL OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS (AJSS). Vol. 2, Issue 4.pp 255-265, 2017-12-01) Mechhoud El-Arkam; Zennir Youcef
In this paper we present a HAZOP Assistant based on D-higraphs and dedicated to a functional modeling technique that gathers functional and structural information of the process under study. This work is applied to the study of an industrial case - High Density Polyethylene reactor part of the CP2K plant situated in the petrochemical platform of Skikda- and its results are compared with the conventional HAZOP study and SADT method.
Design of Type 2 Fuzzy Logic Controller for FESTO Process Workstation †
(Journal Engineering Proceedings.Eng. Proc. 2023, 29, 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023029006. pp 8-8, 2023-01-01) ; Mechhoud El-Arkam; ; ; Zennir Youcef
Fuzzy logic is the most effective mathematical solution that has been presented in the last few years to deal with the problems in which imprecise and uncertain data exist. It can be defined as a generalization of classical binary logic, which admits only two logical states, true or false, by adding degrees of truth between the extreme values. Its basics were initiated by Lotfi Zadeh in the mid-1960s. However, in the last few years, a question was raised by different authors: yes, by using a fuzzy set or membership functions we can solve the problem of some kinds of uncertainties, but what is the situation in cases where the uncertainties exist in the membership function itself? To handle this situation, researchers introduce type 2 fuzzy logic. In our paper, we will introduce the design of a type 2 fuzzy logic controller to control the level in a FESTO process workstation. The mathematical model is first deduced, and after that the controller is designed. The simulation results show that the obtained controller gives very good transient characteristics for the system response work.
Evaluation of Safety Instrumented System in a petroleum plant and its impact on the environment
(Algerian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology.Vol.X. NoX. (YYYY), 2021-05-17) Mechhoud El-Arkam; Zennir Youcef
The purpose of this work is to check the calculations to consolidate the safety instrumented system (SIS) in order to preserve the safety of the plant and the environment,and consider the consequences in case of failure. The application of our study will be focused ontheNaphta Stabilizer-B Reflux Drum in Skikda refinery using the combination of HAZOP-LOPA-Fault Tree methods. The aim of this paper is to verify that the intended safety integrity level of a safety instrumented system is achieved. Otherwise propose a solution to ameliorate the safety instrumented system to mitigate the studied scenario. In case of failure of the safety instumented system, severe damage to the installation and serious impact on the environment will be considered; the use of petri nets allows us to model the behavior of the system. So the objective of our work is to ensure that the appropriate and efficient safety system is installed.
Functional modeling using D-higraph for process hazard analysis
(ALGERIAN JOURNAL OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS (AJSS).Vol. 7, Issue 2.pp 71-76, 2022-06-01) ; Zennir Youcef; Mechhoud El-Arkam
The main objective of this paper is presenting the use of D-higraph to perform hazard analysis. Dhigraph is a functional modeling technique; it is used to capture the functional and structural aspects of process plants. It presents not only the functionality of the system with its goals, but also the relation existing between these functions/goals and the devices that perform/achieve them. This work is applied to the study of an industrial case in a petroleum plant in Skikda refinery.
Integrated RMA with FMECA analysis using a graphical inteface: case study recycling isobutane pump (CP2K)
(ALGERIAN JOURNAL OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS (AJSS).Vol. 5, Issue 1.pp 53-57, 2020-03-01) Mechhoud El-Arkam; Zennir Youcef
The objective of our work is the implementation of a new approach for the dependability enhancement of a recycling iso-butane pump (Skikda CP2K petrochemical plant) based on automated dependability analysis system including the automation of the RMA (Reliability, Maintainability, Availability) study and FMECA (Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis) method. After the system description, we present briefly the principle of the automated method. The system analysis in degraded mode is realized by using FMECA method. This automated analysis brings out the different failure modes, their causes and their consequences of each component. The result is risks minimization and reliability enhancement of the considered system.
Integrating Functional Block Diagrams and Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis: A Case Study of a Nuclear Power Station
(International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering.Vol. 14, No. 2. pp. 359-372, 2024-04-26) ; Zennir Youcef ; Mechhoud El-Arkam ;
Hazard analysis and risk assessment are critical for ensuring safety and reliability in complex systems. This article presents a combined approach to hazard analysis and risk assessment using Functional Block Diagrams (FBD) and Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) methods. The FBD method is a versatile and intuitive diagrammatic technique used to describe the functions and interrelationships of complex systems. It represents the system as a set of interconnected blocks, each depicting a specific function, which collectively defines the system's behaviour. On the other hand, STPA is an advanced safety analysis method focusing on control structures and the interaction between components. It identifies potential unsafe control actions by analysing the information flow and the system's feedback mechanisms. The two methods are complementary and can be integrated to provide a more effective and efficient approach to hazard analysis and risk assessment. A case study of a nuclear power plant is used to demonstrate the benefits of the combined approach. Practical considerations for implementing the approach are discussed and compared with other hazard analysis and risk assessment methods. The article concludes with suggestions for future research and development in this area, highlighting the potential impact of the combined FBD-STPA approach for improving safety and reliability in complex systems
Optimal PSO- PIOD P Multi -Controller for a Robotic Wrist
(ALGERIAN JOURNAL OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS (AJSS).Vol. 3, Issue 1.pp 22-34, 2018-03-01) Zennir Youcef; Mechhoud El-Arkam
Comparative study between to approach of control based in conventional PID controller and robust Fractional PID controller (FOPID) using PSO algorithm applied to control robotics wrist (Robot RX-90 Staübli). The mathematic model of robot are described follows by design of architecture control. two approximation method of fractional order are used and finally a different simulation study comparative between (PID, PSO-PID, FOPID and PSO-FOPID) with obtained results has been presented discussed and approved the efficiently of the architecture control with PSO-FOPID controller followed by a conclusion and some perspectives for future work.
Optimization of a Speed Controller of a DFIM with Metaheuristic Algorithms †
(Journals/ Engineering Proceedings- 2023, 29, 13. pp 01-10., 2023-01-16) ; Zennir Youcef; ; ; ; Mechhoud El-Arkam
This study proposes a control architecture based on iterative stochastic algorithms to control the doubly-fed induction machine (DFIM), often used in wind systems. We briefly present the modeling of this machine. We describe in more detail the control architecture based on indirect vector control by flux orientation (IFOC). This control architecture is optimized with the application of iterative stochastic algorithms applied to the speed controller. The optimization algorithms used were Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO) and Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA). A comparative study under Matlab/Simulink between the different results obtained clearly shows the effectiveness of our approach.
Risk Assessment in a Petrochemical Plant Using Socio-Technical Approaches (STAMP-STPA)
(Journal Engineering Proceedings.Eng. Proc. 2023, 29, 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023029008.P 1/7, 2023-01-11) Mechhoud El-Arkam; ; ; Zennir Youcef
Major accidents continue to occur in chemical process industry, which may have serious consequences costing billion dollars and what is worse many human lives. That means the traditional Hazard analysis techniques are not becoming enough due to the increasing complexity of industrial plants. The main objective of this work is to present a new accident analysis technique based on system theory that has been developed lately changing the focus from reliability to system theory, in order to improve safety and for a better manage of risk. The considered is High Density Polyethylene plant which located in the Skikda industrial zone
Straddle Robot Design and control with a PID controller optimized by PSO algorithms
(ALGERIAN JOURNAL OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS (AJSS) Vol. 5, Issue 2, June-2020. p142/p147, 2020-06-01) Zennir Youcef ; ; Mechhoud El-Arkam
The work presented in this paper illustrates the design and control of a straddle robot-type four-wheel moving robot with PID controller adjusted by meta-genetic algorithms genetic Algorithm (GA) and PSO. The approach used for the simulation is a modeless approach because it assumes no knowledge of the mathematical model of the system, indeed, the mechanical structure was implemented under SolidWorks, then a simulation (Solidworks, Simulink) has was conducted using particle swarm optimization (PSO) techniques for controller parameter optimization (PID) to control the steering angle and angular velocity of each wheel. The results obtained clearly illustrate the effectiveness of the selected control architecture and the accuracy is better with the use of the PSO algorithm. In a future work, we compare the results with using other optimization algorithms like GA (Genetic Algorithm) and GWO (Grey Wolf Optimizer) algorithm.
The use of Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) to model an emergency response plan
(ALGERIAN JOURNAL OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS (AJSS).Vol. 7, Issue 2. p61-70, 2022-06-01) ; Zennir Youcef ; Mechhoud El-Arkam
Accident models, analysis methods and emergency response plans affect what accident investigators and emergency response leaders look for, which contributing factors are found, and which recommendations are issued. This paper contrasts the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) for an emergency response plan. FRAM illustrates the dynamic interactions within socio-technical systems and lets the analyst understand the how and why by describing non-linear dependencies, performance conditions, variability, and their resonance across functions. So, it defines a systemic framework to model complex systems from the perspective of function and views accidents and emergency response strategies as emergent phenomenon of function’s variability, It is playing an increasingly significant role in the development of systemic emergency response plan .

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